A komplex, multifaktoriális hátterű gyulladásos bélbetegségek multidiszciplináris jelentőségűek, társulhatnak extraintesztinális tünetekkel, ezen belül igen gyakori a bőrérintettség. Egyes bőrbetegségek esetén a gyulladásos bélbetegségekben leírt dysbiosis figyelhető meg, amely felveti a kórképek közötti szoros kapcsolatot. A dysbiosis célzott probiotikummal vagy antibiotikummal történő kezelése, illetve a probiotikumok preventív alkalmazása nem új keletű elképzelés egyes bőrgyógyászati kórképek ese­tén, azonban az irodalmi adatok gyakran ellentmondóak. Az alábbiakban áttekintjük a gyulladásos bélbetegségekkel társuló fontosabb bőrgyógyászati kórképeket, azok patomechanizmusát, illetve a bél–bőr-tengely kezelésének eddig ismert lehetőségeit.

This narrative review summarizes a selection of recent, clinically-important novel gastrointestinal developments, presented and discussed at the European Gastro Update In Budapest. The selected topics reflect what the distinguished faculty considered of vital importance to be communicated to the astute busy gastro-hep clinician, who is eager to stay well informed of important novel developments in his discipline. Whenever appropriate a personal comment or addition was added to further raise the educational value of this review. Given its narrative character, statements and conclusions are largely expert opinion-based and referencing is limited to the selected images.

Diagnosis and treatment of HBV±HDV infection means for the patient to be able to maintain working capacity, to increase quality of life, to prevent cancer, and to prolong life expectancy, while society benefits from eliminating the chances of further transmission of the viruses, and decreasing the incidence and overall costs of serious complications. The guidelines outline the treatment algorithms that have been in place since 2019, developed at a consensus meeting of physicians involved in treating these diseases. The indications of treatment is based upon viral examinations (including viral nucleic acid determination) with determinations of disease activity and stage of related liver disease (by laboratory tests, pathologic, and/or non-invasive methods, i.e., elastographies or biochemical scores), and excluding contraindications. The first choices of therapy in chronic hepatitis B infection includes pegylated interferon for 48 weeks or continuous nucleotide/nucleoside analogue (NAs: entecavir or tenofovir). NAs must be continued for at least 12 months after hepatitis B surface antigen seroconversion. Some NAs are not available/not routinely used in Hungary. Lamivudine is no longer a first choice; patients currently taking lamivudine must switch if response is inadequate. Appropriate treatment of patients taking immunosuppressive medications is highly recommended. Pegylated interferon based therapy is recommended for the treatment of concomitant hepatitis D infection.

Although the exact aetiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is unknown, one hypothesis suggests that the inflammation may be the consequence of an altered or pathogenic microbiota in a genetically susceptible host. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of enteral infections in patients with relapse of IBD, and to evaluate the clinical utility of faecal calprotectin (FC) and faecal matrixmetalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the differential diagnosis of relapses with different origins, and to determine the recurrence rate of Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), the hospitalisation and colectomy rate among C. difficile positive IBD patients at the end of 4 years follow-up period.