Artificial intelligence based softwares can lead gastroenterologists and endoscopist trough the emerging number of medical studies and publications during their everyday clinical practice. AI could be a useful to improve diagnostic accuracy and to tailor therapies. In the present article we concluded recent available literature on AI in gastrointestinal endoscopy and the results of our recent study.

Fructose and complains of digestive system: from diagnosis to treatment Fructose is a monosaccharide found naturally in small quantities in fruits and some vegetables, and in much larger quantities in industrially manufactured sweeteners and added sugars (e.g. sucrose and high fructose corn syrup). Incomplete intestinal absorption of fructose might lead to abdominal complaints such as pain, flatulence and diarrhoea. The hydrogen production by colonic bacteria is used for diagnosis with the hydrogen breath test. However, the appropriate fructose test dose (25-50 g) for correct diagnosis is unclear. The management of fructose intolerance is difficult and a validated therapy is lacking, tailored fructose-restricted diet on symptom and low FODMAP diet can be useful.

History of colorectal carcinoma screening The first screening examinations for the early discovery of diseases were developed in the second half of the 19th-century, with the participation of many prominent scientific personalities, inventors and investors. The principles of screening were drafted in 1968: for colorectal cancer, they comprise the secondary prevention method. Faecal occult blood testing is the basic screening method which was adopted from forensic medicine. In positive cases, a colonoscopy is warranted. Alternatively, computer tomography, magnetic resonance imaging or capsule endoscopy can be performed. Many other methods were removed from the screening process, having only historical importance. From the 1970’s, several local screening programmes were implemented in Hungary. In 2018, a new screening programme covering those aged 50 to 70 years old throughout the country was started, which will hopefully change the unfavourable morbidity and mortality of colorectal carcinoma.

Forty years old is the oesophageal hydrostatic balloon catheter; Technique and application of dilation in organic, benign oesophageal stenosis The authors detail the introduction of balloon catheter dilation 40 years ago, the direction and steps of technical development, after historical review of the instruments of esophageal stenosis dilatation. They show different ways and control of balloon catheter dilation. Compared to bougie, they explain the benefits of balloon catheter dilation. It also discusses some important experiences and proposals depending on etiology.